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Banat of Temeswar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Banat of Temeswar (German: Temeswarer Banat, Romanian: Banatul Timişoarei, Serbian: Tamiški Banat or Тамишки Банат, Hungarian: Temesi Bánság) was a Habsburg province that existed between 1718 and 1778. It was located in the present day region of Banat, which was named after this province.
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In 1716, Prince Eugene of Savoy conquered the last parts of Banat from the Ottoman Empire. It received the title of the Banat of Temeswar after the Treaty of Passarowitz (1718), and remained a separate province of the Habsburg Monarchy under military administration until 1751, when Empress Maria Theresa of Austria introduced a civil administration. The capital of the province was Temeswar.
The Banat of Temeswar was abolished in 1778, and in 1779 it was incorporated into Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary. The southern part of the Banat region, which was part of the Banat of Temeswar until 1751, remained part of the Military Frontier (Banat Krajina) until it was abolished in 1871.
According to data from 1774, the population of the Banat of Temeswar was composed of:
- Romanians = 220,000
- Serbs and Greeks = 100,000
- Germans = 53,000
- Hungarians and Bulgarians = 2,400
- Jews = 340
- Claudius Mercy
- Franz Leopold Engelshofen